ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had caused a worldwide pandemic with public health emergencies since 2020. For the symptomatic patients, high mortality rate was observed if without timely and optimized management. In this study, we aimed to investigate the predictive and prognostic roles of hematologic and biochemical parameters obtained in the emergency department (ED) for COVID-19 patients. We conducted a retrospective study in a dedicated COVID-19 medical center, recruiting a total of 228 COVID-19 patients with 86 severe and 142 non-severe cases. Both the hematologic and biochemical parameters obtained in the ED upon arrival were analyzed to evaluate the association of the biomarkers with disease severity and prognosis among COVID-19 patients. Among these parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, and D-dimer were significantly higher in the severe group than the non-severe one, whereas the platelet count and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio were significantly lower. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the areas under curve of CRP, PCT, LDH, ferritin, D-dimer, and NLR for differentiating the severity of COVID-19 were 0.713, 0.755, 0.763, 0.741, 0.733, and 0.683, respectively, whereas the areas under curve of CRP, PCT, LDH, ferritin, D-dimer, and NLR for differentiating the mortality of COVID-19 were 0.678, 0.744, 0.680, 0.676, 0.755, and 0.572, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that CRP, PCT, LDH, ferritin, D-dimer, and NLR were independent indicators for prediction of severe COVID-19, and LDH and ferritin were independent factors associated with the mortality in COVID-19. In conclusion, higher CRP, PCT, LDH, ferritin, D-dimer, and NLR were associated with severe COVID-19, whereas higher LDH and ferritin were associated with the mortality in COVID-19. These findings could help early risk stratification in the ED and contribute to optimized patient management.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Emergency Service, Hospital , Humans , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Most countries in the world are facing new situations due to the corona pandemic or COVID-19. Online learning is a new method of teaching and learning process in education during the COVID-19 period to avoid the spread of virus. The study examines and determines the lecturer’s perception of using Information, Communication and Technology (I.C.T) based on the Technological Pedagogy and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework in the teaching and learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study built eleven hypotheses. The study used online questionnaire to collect data with 228 sample respondents who had taught at higher education in Indonesia. Data analysis used Partial Least Squared-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) with Exploratory Factor Analysis (E.F.A). The result showed that all Technological Pedagogy and Content Knowledge (TPACK) variable on Use of Information, Communication, and Technology (UICT) variable had significant effect except for Content Knowledge (CK) Variable on Technological Content Knowledge (TCK) variable and Technological Content Knowledge (TCK) variable on Use of Information, Communication, and Technology (UICT) variable. Overall, the TPACK components are connected and valid model to explain Indonesian lecturers at use of Information, Communication and Technology (UICT) in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Engineering Letters is the property of Newswood Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)